Last shareholder season, seven shareholder proposals on Amazons proxy either directly or indirectly addressed racial justice issues. The chart below lists the proponents who submitted Racial Equity Audit proposals to public companies pursuant to Rule 14a-8 during the 2021 proxy season and the number of proposals they submitted: Source: ISS Corporate Solutions and SEC Filings, Boards of directors of public companies are [i]ncreasingly . Some, including Starbucks, Facebook and AirBnB, have already commissioned racial equity audits. Cacace actively holds the position of Director of Anti-Discrimination & Equity Programs for Airbnb. In 2016, Airbnb released its own audit into discrimination and bias on its service. More details are publicly available in a technical paper. Concerns related to workforce diversity, treatment of minority workers, environmental justice in communities of color, surveillance, and civil rights are just some of the controversies that have troubled Amazon. [114] For example, current and former Amazon employees have accused the company of allowing racism to permeate its operations. The most recent and prominent example of the intersection between shareholder activism and ESG was the 2021 proxy contest at Exxon. 2023 366 Technology. (go back), 8Public Input Welcomed on Climate Change Disclosures, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Acting Chair Allison H. Lee, March 15, 2021, available at https://www.sec.gov/news/public-statement/lee-climate-change-disclosures. (go back), 50Webinar, Pamela Coukos, Co-Founder of Working Ideal, supra note 23; supra note 27. Airbnb will never sell the perceived race information used in this research project. . (go back), 40Delivering through Diversity, McKinsey, Vivian Hunt, Sara Prince, Sundiatu Dixon-Fyle and Lareina Yee, January 2018, available at https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/business%20functions/organization/our%20insights/delivering%20through%20diversity/delivering-through-diversity_full-report.ashx. [15] As discussed in more detail below, a companys performance on ESG factors, such as investment into renewable energy, promotion of employee health and safety and contributions to the local community, are pressing issues that can either benefit or adversely affect a companys perception in the public eye, operational execution and bottom line. . [139] The draft legislation would also require banks to investigate what ties they may have to slavery and disclose steps such institution would take to reconcile profits it may have received from slavery. The Sustainable Investments Institute reports that 28 shareholder proposals dealing with racial justice had been included in proxy statements filed with the SEC as of April 27, 2021. (go back), 100Goldman Sachs Proxy Statement, supra note 35. As ESG issues garner more media attention and as younger generations move into the investing space, these issues and related disclosures may become increasingly important to consumers, investors and other stakeholders. (go back), 94CoreCivic, Inc., Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 18, 2021, available at https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1070985/000119312521165313/d184269d8k.htm. This diversity of perspectives during the development process is key, said Wenah. Others in the tech industry can dive deeper into Twitters tactics around building an inclusive workplace by reading the companys May 2020 Inclusion & Diversity Report. We saw this occur in California with Senate Bill 826 and Assembly Bill 979 discussed in further detail above. (go back), 18BlackRock Investment Stewardship, Proxy voting guidelines for U.S. securities, BlackRock, effective January 2021, available at https://www.blackrock.com/corporate/literature/fact-sheet/blk-responsible-investment-guidelines-us.pdf. Paul, Weiss has launched a new Civil Rights and Racial Equity Audit Practice, which is among the . [26] For example, following a racially-tinged incident at a Philadelphia Starbucks in 2018 where two African-American men who were waiting for a business meeting to begin were arrested, the company performed a Racial Equity Audit, which found that, among other things, racial sensitivity and the elimination of implicit biases are correlated to Starbucks core business plan of creating an inclusive and equitable working environment, as well as a welcoming third place between home and work for customers. [27] In addition, the W.K. Input from civil rights organizations, employees, and customers should be considered in determining the specific matters to be analyzed. In a world where we have seen data and technology used to foster discrimination, we are pleased to see Airbnb use them to fight bias on its platform. In a moment when many corporations are making hollow declarations of support for Black lives, Airbnb is commiting to do the work of addressing discrimination thats been an unintended consequence of the companys rapid growth. ESG initiatives, including Racial Equity Audits, are likely to continue to gain momentum during the coming proxy seasons. The Staff has stated that substantial implementation under the rule does not require the company to have implemented the proposal in full or exactly as proposed by the shareholder. BlackRock has 'broken ranks' with Wall Street by conducting a racial equity audit in the financial world, and Citigroup and Morgan Stanley have now followed suit, despite initially urging shareholders to reject the audit proposals. In 2016, Airbnb partnered with the Color of Change to launch a three year review of the company's platform and . No major proxy advisory firm has issued official voting guidance on the implementation of Racial Equity Auditsand the two largest advisory firms, ISS and Glass Lewis, have been split on their support for shareholder proposals requesting such audits. Advertisement The report served as a withering rebuke of Facebook's handling of issues related to technology,. At some companies, investors have proposed civil rights audits, which are similar in nature, but distinct in scope, often covering issues broader than racial equity to intersect with gender and other protected classes. According to certain proponents, the point of a Racial Equity Audit is not necessarily to critique a companys current platforms and efforts. Specifically, SEIU stated that Goldman underwrites municipal bonds whose proceeds pay police brutality settlements. [35] Similarly, Trillium, on behalf of Christopher and Anne Ellinger, submitted a Racial Equity Audit proposal that was included in Johnson & Johnsons proxy statement for its 2021 annual meeting of shareholders, in which Trillium expressed concerns with claims that the company continues to market its talc-based baby powder to Black and Brown women after its talc supplier included the WHOs possibly carcinogenic label on shipments. [36] Proponents of Racial Equity Audits argue that a reassessment of internal policies and practices via such audits can identify the right levers to pull to begin to shrink these racial divides. As discussed earlier, Starbucks undertook a Racial Equity Audit in 2018. Such audits entail vigorous risk assessments and disclosures on continuity plans, among other things. [20] State governments have also codified ESG initiatives into lawCalifornia leading the charge with the passage of Senate Bill 826 and Assembly Bill 979, which require a certain percentage of directors on the boards of public companies headquartered in the state be composed of females and individuals from underrepresented communities. Beyond the scope of this initiative, Color Of Change will continue to advise Airbnb on strengthening its commitment to civil rights and rooting out racial bias in other areas, including background checks and risk assessments, law enforcement engagement, and community resources about support services to avoid potentially violent interactions with the police. In the U.S. market there are now over 600 ESG funds and exchange-traded funds for investors to choose from with approximately $161 billion in assets under management (AUM), which is more than double the AUM of ESG funds in 2010. (go back), 131BlackRock pledges to conduct a racial audit of its business, Fortune, Marco Quiroz-Gutierrez, April 6, 2021, available at https://fortune.com/2021/04/06/blackrock-racial-audit-corporate-diversity-inclusion-race-at-work/. 34-40018, May 28, 1998, available at https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1998-05-28/html/98-14121.htm. The . [132] However, as Racial Equity Audits become more commonplace and enter the cultural norm, these proposals may begin to resonate with more stakeholders and be approved by shareholders as early as the next proxy season. [105] Comptroller DiNapoli was joined by other Amazon shareholders [106] in requesting Amazons board of directors to commission a Racial Equity Audit that would analyze two main issues: (1) Amazons impacts on civil rights, equity, diversity, and inclusion, and (2) the impacts of those issues on Amazons business. [107] In response, Amazon sent a letter to the SEC seeking to exclude the proposal from its 2021 proxy materials. [60], A number of other high-profile companies and financial institutions have been approached either by shareholders or civil rights advocates about conducting Racial Equity Audits. Other external forces that may prompt public companies to adopt Racial Equity Audit policies are the SEC and the securities exchanges. (go back), 17Supra note 5; see also What Is ESG? (go back), 98Wells Fargo & Company, Notice of Annual Meeting and Proxy Statement, Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021, available at https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/72971/000119312521082907/d71313ddef14a.htm [hereinafter Wells Fargo Proxy Statement]. Our partnership with Airbnb on this project has been years in the making, and has led to tangible policy developments to reduce discrimination that should serve as a model for Airbnbs peer tech companies, said Color Of Change President Rashad Robinson. If a company lags behind in this quickly developing area, we believe shareholders may become more willing to launch shareholder campaigns focused on ESG issues, including demanding objective results through Racial Equity Audits. Civil rights advocates and proponents of social justice have long touted the moral and ethical considerations of closing the racial divide in America. Will Corporations Deliver Value to All Stakeholders? 25 percent representation of people of color on the board, far higher premiums for auto insurance in Black neighborhoods as opposed to white neighborhoods, lower payouts in homeowner insurance claims for Black neighborhoods, identifying officers engaged in risky policing behaviors and pricing them out, largest home improvement retailer in North America. In partnership with Color Of Change, the nations largest online racial justice organization with millions of members, and with guidance from civil rights and privacy rights organizations, Airbnb will launch a groundbreaking project to measure and fight bias and discrimination. ; see also Comptroller DiNapoli Wants Audit of Amazons Racial Justice Practices, Times Union, Rick Karlin, December 21, 2020, available at https://www.timesunion.com/news/article/Comptroller-DiNapoli-wants-audit-of-Amazon-s-15815322.php. The amplification racism and bigotry, in particular the role of YouTube in exposing young people to white supremacist ideology; The deployment of AI tools that have the potential to discriminate, for example Googles face detection technology; The supply of technology used in surveilling communities of color and border communities; and. To that end, they believe companies should clearly disclose and explain the processes and personnel roles within a Racial Equity Audit and undertake to publicly share the results of the audit. 30-10825; 34-89670; File No. The findings will inform the creation and updates of tools and policies to help combat racial discrimination and bias that Black users and other people of color have faced when using Airbnb. (go back), 125Rule 14a-8 No Action Letter, CtW Investment Group, November 12, 2020, available at https://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/cf-noaction/14a-8/2021/ctwjpmorgan032621-14a8.pdf. No two companies are identical. Only the Anti-discrimination team, Security team, and research partner will have access to this information. Areas include, for example: This project has been in development for nearly two years with support and input from Asian Americans Advancing Justice AAJC, Center for Democracy & Technology, Color Of Change, League of United Latin American Citizens LULAC, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), National Action Network, The Leadership Conference, and Upturn. Alleged retaliation against employees who raise issues of discrimination. Shareholder activists have advocated for increased diversity in corporate boardrooms for a number of years. [118] However, Comptroller DiNapoli noted a human rights assessment is not the same as an independent racial equity audit, and shareholders should be weary of equating the two. [119], On May 26, 2021, Amazon shareholders rejected eleven shareholder proposals at the annual meeting. (go back), 128SEIU and Change to Wins investment funds pushing for racial diversity in financial institutions, available at https://www.seiu.org/blog/2021/4/seiu-and-change-to-wins-investment-funds-pushing-for-racial-diversity-in-financial-institutions. [140] The legislation is sponsored by Rep. Joyce Beatty and co-sponsored by Reps. Nikema Williams and Jesus G. Garcia and is currently under committee review. The Amazon proposal got more support from shareholders than any other audit voted on last year. This project will measure discrimination based on perception, using a privacy-centric methodology that determines the race someone might associate with a first name and profile photo. The data collected in the United States for Project Lighthouse will be handled in a way that protects peoples privacy and be used exclusively for anti-discrimination work. As an extra security precaution, this information will be deleted every 30 days. In addition to our ongoing diversity and anti-discrimination efforts, as we grapple with the effects of COVID-19, now more than ever we need to be a platform for economic empowerment that can help hosts, including Black residents, keep their homes and avoid displacement from their communities.. Exxon faces proxy fight launched by new activist firm Engine No. Airbnb and Facebook have also completed racial equity audits in recent times. [12] Governance has long been a key focus of shareholder activists as corporate governance best practices, including accountability of a companys board of directors to its shareholders, robust disclosure on executive compensation and independence of a board of directors from management, have been found to have a readily apparent correlation with increased returns to shareholders. [133] However, in the coming years, we believe this is an area in which the proxy advisory firms may issue official voting guidance. Racial Equity Audits may also find that a companys existing policies and practices are not sufficient to address or may be perpetuating systemic social issues. https://www.sec.gov/news/public-statement/lee-climate-change-disclosures, https://www.sec.gov/news/public-statement/coates-esg-disclosure-keeping-pace-031121, https://www.activistinsight.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2021/06/InsightiaESGActivism-1.pdf?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=greenfin&utm_content=2021-06-30, https://www.trilincglobal.com/what-is-esg/, https://www.businessinsider.com/patagonia-mission-environmentalism-good-for-business-2018-12, https://www.blackrock.com/corporate/literature/fact-sheet/blk-responsible-investment-guidelines-us.pdf, https://www.issgovernance.com/file/policy/active/americas/US-Voting-Guidelines.pdf, https://www.reuters.com/article/exxon-shareholders-engine-no-1/exxon-faces-proxy-fight-launched-by-new-activist-firm-engine-no-1-idUSKBN28H2IO, https://www.socinvestmentgroup.com/critical-tool-for-shareholders, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-10-20/racism-and-inequity-have-cost-the-u-s-16-trillion-wall-street-economist-says, https://stories.starbucks.com/uploads/2020/02/Starbucks-Civil-Rights-Assessment-2020-Update.pdf, https://www.forbes.com/sites/korihale/2021/01/20/starbucks-steps-up-its-racial-justice-outreach-with-100-million-pledge/?sh=53b94b63389c, https://www.npr.org/2020/07/07/887628306/opinion-companies-have-a-duty-to-defend-democracy, https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/business%20functions/organization/our%20insights/delivering%20through%20diversity/delivering-through-diversity_full-report.ashx, https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/best-esg-funds, https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Civil-Rights-Audit-Final-Report.pdf, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bhaktimirchandani/2021/06/28/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-2021-proxy-season/?sh=2e475fae7f5e, https://content.irmagazine.com/story/ir-magazine-summer-2021.pdf, https://about.bankofamerica.com/annualmeeting/static/media/BAC_2021_ProxyStatement_ADA.612694a6.pdf, https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/831001/000120677421000735/citi3828191-def14a.htm, https://exchange.iccr.org/node/88686/text, https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000019617/000001961721000275/a2021proxystatement.htm, https://www.sec.gov/news/speech/lee-climate-esg-board-of-directors, https://www.asyousow.org/our-work/social-justice/racial-justice, https://news.yahoo.com/big-us-companies-pushed-tally-014418300.html, https://news.bloomberglaw.com/banking-law/goldman-citi-stave-off-investor-calls-for-racial-audits-1, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1998-05-28/html/98-14121.htm, https://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/cf-noaction/14a-8/2021/ctwcitigroup022621-14a8.pdf. These companies have asserted that they disagree with the approach of Racial Equity Audit proposals, but are aligned with [their] stated goal of addressing racial inequity in the financial sector. [96], For example, the board of directors of Citi recommended a vote against the Racial Equity Audit proposal included in its 2021 proxy statement, noting that [a]s recently as September 2020, Citi released a 104 page report on the economic cost of Black inequality in the United States titled Closing the Racial Inequality Gaps, and said its efforts on these issues are available to the public. (go back), 78Rule 14a-8 No-Action Letter re: Stockholder Proposal to Citigroup Inc. from CtW Investments Group, Citigroup Inc., December 23, 2020, available at https://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/cf-noaction/14a-8/2021/ctwcitigroup022621-14a8.pdf [hereinafter Citigroup No-Action Letter]; Rule 14a-8 No Action Letter re: Johnson & Johnson2021 Annual Meeting, Omission of Shareholder Proposal of Christopher and Anne Ellinger and co-filers, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, December 16, 2020, available at https://www.sec.gov/divisions/corpfin/cf-noaction/14a-8/2021/ellingeretaljohnson021221-14a8.pdf [hereinafter J&J No-Action Letter]. BlackRock, with $8.7 trillion of assets under management, said in a memo to employees Thursday that an external review of how its diversity, equity and inclusion policies impact stakeholders will. Back Submit . Under Rule 14a-8(i)(10), a company is permitted to exclude a shareholder proposal if the company has already substantially implemented the proposal. Legislative or regulatory requirements are not without their own risks, and compliance with any such minimum standards would not be fool proof to insulate a company from potential ESG proposals and proxy campaigns. As the ESG movement gains momentum, and as the new wave of investors who factor ESG concerns into their investment decisions gain a larger share of the market, companies are being advised to revisit their current policies and practices under the ESG lens. Exclude the proposal from its 2021 proxy contest at Exxon already commissioned Racial Equity audits in recent.... Airbnb released its own Audit into discrimination and bias on its service on Amazons proxy either directly indirectly! Diversity in corporate boardrooms for a number of years in California with Senate Bill 826 and Bill. 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