PTI Vivek Agnihotris The Kashmir Files, a movie that delves into the 1990 exodus of lakhs of This led to huge disaffection and political instability. [64] Wanvun singing is an integral part of Kashmiri Pandit religious ceremonies. A day after a Kashmiri Pandit's killing in Pulwama, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir. Further, in the same year, the Rajiv Gandhi-led Congress government at the Centre unlocked the gates of the disputed Babri Masjid-Ram Janmabhoomi temple for Hindu worship. Many followers of the traditional religions who did not convert to Islam instead migrated to other parts of India. [ref] Genocide of Kashmiri Pandits has reached its climax with Muslim terrorism succeeding in 'CLEANSING' the valley of this ancient ethno-religious community. Those Pandits in service who felt threatened were free to leave their stations; they would continue to be paid salary. [22], Butshikan's heir, the devout Muslim Zain-ul-Abidin (142374), was tolerant of Hindus to the extent of sanctioning a return to Hinduism of those who had been forcibly converted to the Muslim faith, as well as becoming involved in the restoration of temples. One of the deadliest attacks on Kashmiri Pandits in the Valley took place in 2003, more than a decade after the peak of the exodus. Waves of panic hit the community, especially after a local newspaper published an anonymous message, allegedly from the Hizb-ul Mujahideen, asking Pandits to leave. [67][failed verification] The shrine is located in Tullamulla village, 24km from Srinagar in Ganderbal district. With the Indian government revoking Article 370 of the constitution in August 2019, Jammu and Kashmir has been deprived of its special status of limited autonomy. At events in cities in India and abroad to mark their exodus, Pandits pledged to return home. A day after a Kashmiri Pandit's killing in Pulwama, the Bharatiya Janta Party on Monday held protests at several places in Kashmir. ISI-sponsored Pro-Pakistan outfit, Hizbul Mujahideen, was founded in 1989. Get briefed on the story of the week, and developing stories to watch across the Asia-Pacific. It was at this meeting that pro-Pakistan separatist Syed Ali Shah Geelani suddenly appeared and made a passionate plea for openly supporting jihad in Kashmir. [56], Following the 1989 insurgency, a great majority of Pandits felt threatened and left the Kashmir Valley for other parts of India. However, these offers have failed to elicit much of a response. Islamist militants began targeting Kashmiri Hindus - upper-caste Pandits - who were a minority group, in the 1990s. Socially and morally too the court and the country had sunk to the depths of degradations. At first Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF), the founding leader of Jamat opposed direct involvement as it would destroy the organization and open it to Indian assault by security forces. [61] Scholar Alexander Evans estimates by 1990, there would have been 160,000170,000 Pandits in the Kashmir Valley. WebPersian began to be used as the court language in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam. Wherever they live, their memories of events in 1989-90 remain vivid as are their rather idyllic recollections of their lives before their flight from the Valley. After the initial reaction of shock and awe, I messaged my friend, saying, This is not surprising. However, respect for the Pandits (many of whom were teachers) and a shared Kashmiri identity that held Pandits and Muslims together prevented differences from erupting into conflict. Matters came to a head on January 19. [49][50][51], The Jammu And Kashmir Migrant Immovable Property (Preservation, Protection And Restraint on Distress Sales) Act, 1997, provides that "Any person who is an unauthorised occupant or recipient of any usufruct of any immovable property of the migrant shall pay to the migrant such compensation for the period of unauthorised occupation and in such a manner as may be determined by the District Magistrate. ad lite Experience $ 19.99 $ 19.99 /year. Some items were elaborate, such as the peacock shoes known as mayuropanah worn by followers of fashion, and steel-soled shoes adorned with floral designs, lubricated internally with beeswax. Wajahat Habibullah, then a senior official in the J&K government and posted in Anantnag in 1990 as Special Commissioner, has written (Citizen, April 2015) that in March 1990, several hundred people gathered in front of his office demanding to know whey the Pandits were leaving and accused the administration of encouraging them to go, so that the Army would be free to unleash its heavy artillery on all habitations. In the decades since the Pandit exodus, Kashmir has seen immense bloodshed. JKLF targeted a Kashmiri Hindu for the first time on 14 September 1989, when they killed Tika Lal Taploo, a lawyer and a prominent leader of Bharatiya Janata Party in Jammu and Kashmir, in front of several eyewitnesses. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group[8] from the Kashmir Valley,[9][10] a mountainous region located within the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. [27][28], In the 1981 census, the Kashmir Division had 124,078 Hindus, the majority of whom were Pandits. Jihad, Islamisation, secession from India, merger with Pakistan, Hinduphobia, imposition of Sharia law, Murder, arson, rape, assassinations, kidnappings, riots, Ralive, Tsaliv ya Galive (convert to Islam, leave the place or die). All three subcastes interdine and interteach, but only the Jotish and Krkun subcastes intermarry.[22]. It is widely believed that the 1987 Jammu and Kashmir Assembly elections were rigged to bring the Farooq Abdullah-National Conference government, which was supported by the Congress, back to power. Several moved to other cities in India and abroad, where they have done well professionally. For instance, it suggests that a threat asking Kashmiri Pandits to leave the Valley was issued in Al-Safa before the exodus, thereby contributing to the forced migration. That night, the politically-disturbed Valley reverberated with war cries, communal calls, and threats to Pandits. You are not allowed to edit this article at this level. At best, the younger generation of Pandits look to Kashmir as a holiday destination. Swamy's remarks come in the midst of a controversy over the movie 'The Kashmir 4000+ stories. There is little incentive for us to return to the Valley, says the Pandit teacher, drawing attention to the insecurity, lack of economic development and job prospects in Kashmir. [36][37], Some Hindus across India tried to help the Pandits. Since the abrogation of Article 370 tightens Indias control over the region, the decision was widely welcomed by the Pandit community. 2023 Diplomat Media Inc. All Rights Reserved. 22 Mar 2022. [47], There are zones set up with offices for relief. They have announced resettlement packages promising financial support and jobs for those who returned. Much has changed in Jammu and Kashmir. VP Singh government was in power during genocide of Kashmiri Pandits, Mufti Mohammad Sayeed became Home Minister with BJP's help: Pawar The then WebGenocide of Kashmiri Pandits. Track Latest News Live on NDTV.com and get news updates from India and around the world. Sanjay Tickoo, a Kashmiri Pandit was barely 20-years-old in 1989-90, when he witnessed what came to be known as the "Kashmiri Pandit Exodus". New Delhi has distanced itself from a controversial and unequal deal between Adani Power and the Bangladesh Power Development Board. 1,168-crore package in 2008 by the UPA government. An estimated 100,000 Kashmiri Pandits have reportedly fled the Valley. Neel Kanth Ganjoo, a retired judge who had sentenced Maqbool Bhat to death, was shot dead outside the J&K High Court in Srinagar on November 4. Yearly Plan. [46] As of 2016, a total of 1,800 Kashmiri Pandit youths have returned to the valley since the announcing of Rs. Kashmiri Pandits maintain that they were driven out of the Valley by the Muslims. Although the pro-independence Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) said the two men were killed because of their ties with the Indian state rather than their Pandit identity, the Pandits were not convinced. [68], The Kashmiri Pandits festivals include Shivratri (or Herath in the Kashmiri language) which is one of the major festivals of Kashmiri Pandits. For impactful stories you just cant miss, By subscribing you agree to our Privacy Policy. [41], In 2010, the Government of Jammu and Kashmir noted that 808 Pandit families, comprising 3,445 people, were still living in the Valley and that financial and other incentives put in place to encourage others to return there had been unsuccessful. The first day of the governor's rule, 19 January 1990, saw the darkest night in the history of the Kashmiri Pandit Exodus. Vivek Agnihotri's film, The Kashmir Files, explores the tragic history of the Kashmiri Pandit exodus, positing itself as an account of the events that transpired in the Valley in the early 1990s. It was replaced by Urdu in 1889 during the Dogra rule. Navreh or the Kashmiri lunar new year is also an important Pandit festival. In exchange for Rubaiya, five JKLF associates were freed from jails. Asia, Southeast Pandits were given a choice: convert to Islam, leave the Valley, or perish. In response, Abdullah resigned on the same day and Jagmohan suggested the dissolution of the State Assembly. Just around 600 Pandit families stayed in the Valley. During the period of A large number of Hindu houses were attacked, shops looted, and temples vandalised in Vanpoh, Anantnag, and Sopore, among others. In February 1990 the month after the exodus of the Kashmiri Pandits, Amanullah Khan told an interviewer, Yes, it was [a long-term plan]it had to be well Jammu and Kashmir being the only Muslim majority state in whole of India, the protection of minorities and their living peacefully, in their homeland, is crucial for India to remain as a Secular Democratic State. In the lead-up to the events of 1990, Kashmir was in ferment. What happened in January 1990 is bitterly contested. Sun worship is believed to have been brought into Kashmir by Kushan kings from Iran. Shortly afterwards, Amanullah Khan and Mohammad Maqbool Bhat gave birth to the Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF) in 1977, whose goal was to work towards the 'liberation' of Kashmir from India and Pakistan. Approximately 2,17,000 Pandits still live in abysmal conditions in Jammu with families of five to six people often huddled into a small room. We are a group of patriots who love our motherland - Bharat Mata! WebSrinagar: The latest killing of a Kashmiri Pandit in Pulwama district has revived the climate of insecurity and fear in the Valley, and allegations that the Jammu and Kashmir administration has failed to protect the minority Hindu community. WebThe Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus, or Pandits, is their early-1990 migration, or flight, from the Muslim-majority Kashmir valley in Indian-administered Kashmir following rising violence in an insurgency.Of a total Pandit population of 120,000140,000 some 90,000100,000 left the valley or felt compelled to leave, and about 30 were killed. [ref][ref][ref] Events were also held at Jagti and Muthi migrant camps. [69], Kshemendra's detailed records from the eleventh century describe many items of which the precise nature is unknown. Short answer: Because of carelessness, lack of courage/desire and vote-bank politics of State and Central government. Long Answer: To know the reas Enjoy an ad lite experience on TOI+. WebPersian began to be used as the court language in Kashmir during the 14th centuries, under the influence of Islam. Pandits have generally been in favor of Kashmirs closer integration with India. Kashmiri Pandits observe Holocaust Day to mark 30 years of mass exodus from Valley. Asia, South The exodus of people from Kashmir Valley began only after then Jammu and Kashmir governor Jagmohan asked them, especially Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs, to Chinese military sources can tell us exactly what the PLA is learning. [9][60] He respected the learning of these Pandits, to whom he gave land as well as encouraging those who had left to return. "There has been continuing lack of engagement by the government of India with the community. In 1989, Neelkanth Ganjoo, the judge who had sentenced the JLKF's Maqbool Bhat to death, was killed in a market near the Srinagar High Court in broad daylight. 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Sanjay Kumar, the father of three minor children who worked as a bank security guard, was shot dead in Achan Kashmiri Pandit Exodus 2022: I dont see myself going back to Valley again A number of Pandits working in Kashmir under the prime minister employment scheme have left the Valley after some of them were selectively targeted and killed by terrorists Samriddhi Sakunia June 19, 2022 07:04:54 IST [45], As of October 2015, only 1 Kashmiri Pandit family returned to the Kashmir valley since 1990 according to the Jammu & Kashmir government despite the financial assistance being given for rehabilitation. In Anantnag, the constituency of then Congress leader Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, there was a series of attacks on Hindu temples, and shops and properties of Kashmiri Pandits, blamed on separatist and secessionists. The Sultan has been referred to as an iconoclast because of his destruction of many non-Muslim religious symbols and the manner in which he forced the population to convert or flee. Indian forces are specially ordered to keep high surveillance on Kashmir and Kashmiris. Those who had means rebuilt their lives elsewhere in the country Delhi, Pune, Mumbai and Ahmedabad have Pandit populations, also Jaipur and Lucknow or went abroad. Click here to subscribe for full access. Congress' leader in Lok Sabha Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury on Monday sought to corner the ruling BJP over the exodus of minorities from Kashmir in 1990s, saying then Leader of Opposition Rajiv Gandhi had urged the then VP Singh government to intervene and stop the "atrocities" being committed on Kashmiri Pandits and Sikhs. Armed militants, dressed in army fatigues, infiltrated a colony of Kashmiri Pandits in Pulwama's Nadimarg on 23 March 2003. Manish Sisodia Delhi excise policy case: how the right against self-incri What was the UN event representatives of Nithyanandas Kailasa attended? It laid down measures for the integration of Jammu and Kashmir to India, ensuring that it will continue to be governed under Article 370 of the Constitution, which gave the state an autonomous status as a constituent of India. WebMaybe. Antagonism over the Russia-Ukraine war has left G-20 host India in the unenviable position of trying to reconcile clearly irreconcilable differences. Kashmir was in ferment. V. P. Singh appointed Jagmohan as Governor on 19 January 1990. In a contentious move in 1986, the government of then CM Ghulam Shah ordered the construction of a mosque, allegedly at the site of an ancient Hindu temple, at the Civil Secretariat in Jammu. The LG administration and the central government are primarily concerned with addressing security problems. WebThe Exodus It was 19 th of January, 1990 and days were cold and nights bitter, though there was no snow on the ground. A section of Kashmiri Muslim youth was radicalised, armed, and tutored in Islamic fundamentalism. [24][25][26], The Kashmiri Pandits had been a favoured section of the population of the valley during Dogra rule (18461947). As the numbers arriving in Jammu increased from thousands to tens of thousands over the first few months of 1990, a mostly middle-class community found itself living in tents in squalid, filthy camps far removed from the homes they had left behind. They couldnt. The years 1984 to 1990 were years of lawlessness and political turmoil in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, particularly in the Kashmi Agnihotri's rendition of the exodus, which claims that it is "based on true stories," however, makes a few glaring deviations from the facts known about the genocide of Kashmiri Pandits. The Exodus of Kashmiri Pandits Ghulam Mohammad Shah came into power after snatching the position from his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah and became [35] The government has reported on the terrorist threats to Pandits still living in the Kashmir region. As the Kashmiri Pandits are enduring an uncertain and troubled time, let us take a look at their history and other important details. Besides being the right thing to do, apologies bring diplomatic and political gains in a region haunted by colonial and imperial atrocities. An important issue of concern is security. Learn More. The lead up to the Kashmiri Hindu exodus In 1989, the then J&K Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah had ordered the release of around 70 terrorists between July You agree to our Privacy Policy patriots who love our motherland - Bharat Mata updates from India and the. 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And Krkun subcastes intermarry. [ 22 ] the Bharatiya Janta Party Monday! Asia, Southeast Pandits were given a choice: convert to Islam instead migrated to other in! Apologies bring diplomatic and political gains in a region haunted by colonial imperial. Allowed to edit this article at this level Pandits - who were minority. V. P. Singh appointed Jagmohan as Governor on 19 January 1990 abroad, where they have announced resettlement promising! To do, apologies bring diplomatic and political gains in a region haunted colonial! The unenviable position of trying to reconcile clearly irreconcilable differences, these offers have failed elicit., these offers have failed to elicit much of a response diplomatic and political gains a. In service who felt threatened were free to leave their stations ; they would continue to be paid salary Muslim! Of India with the community the decision was widely welcomed by the Pandit exodus, Pandits to. 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