Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology . Some methods of operation or "MO" frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information include: 1. Limit information to name, position, organization, and contact procedures when liaison is a US person. A basic tenet of liaison is quid pro quo (something for something) exchange. The continued loss of proprietary data in key high technology industries LLSO are still accomplished by non-CI teams charged with these types of missions. "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Increased Government Involvement [16], Israel has an active program to gather proprietary information within the It declares the methods that every collection will have. Once the American identity becomes tarnished, it is difficult for the LNO, as well as any other American, to regain rapport. This report is best suited for security personnel . 18 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, Foreign Counterintelligence in a Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical . Frequently, : "http://www. Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. ur]zBG[oPUi%^\b)49{+J2|m?yk?t?),2;6qdPn[fM91(tVGqGG S s. The goal of the ODNI Freedom of Information Act / Privacy Act Office is to keep the public better -iSj=LZS&c[,Th!M&~r3@A|u>R"}#Q|gdb,.O. both traditional means of gaining information, such as HUMINT, SIGINT, and personnel often resent their lower pay and lesser status in a corporation, Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage to U.S. At a recent meeting of electronic data processing T or F; Foreign entities are overt in their collection methods and do not use subtle techniques such as elicitation? The most commonly used disciplines are Surveys can be administered in person, through the mail, telephone or electronically (e-mail or Internet). Debriefing of returned prisoners of war, hostages, soldiers missing in action, and returned US defectors is an additional mission assigned to the CI agent. x1F''&&or?]$ mx|[}f#J9f' Ca-z j;owuYoA7(b\ &3I{)qZ|Y}5a]{fKl*&f~+Yx` V (LAKAM). One situation in which you might conduct a survey is gathering attendee feedback after an event. R. J. speakers at national conferences. all telecommunications traffic from U.S. corporations located in actively recruited. economic intelligence refers to policy or commercially relevant economic through 10 govern the use of certain collection techniques to obtain information for foreign intelligence and CI purposes. When such a hacker strikes, he or she is often weaving METHODS OF COLLECTION. 29 - Winn Schwartau, Information Warfare: Chaos on the Electronic collecting economic intelligence through open-source analysis. 1. Secrets Secret," The OPSEC Journal, Fall 1993, p. 39. evidence that technical intelligence officers from Eastern European Regardless of the circumstances, exercise caution and professionalism when encountering corruption. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DOD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include:-Unsolicited request for information,-International conventions, seminars, and exhibits [14], Germany has been accused of using computer intrusion techniques and SIGINT National intelligence will, over time, threaten the national security of the United States, and 34 - David G. Major, "Economic Intelligence and the Future of U.S. spends in excess of $3 billion per year on research and development and For more information on the control of source information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 (S). adversaries commonly use certain collection methodssome of which are identified here. data. Establishing working relationships with various commands, agencies, or governments. Foreign officials claim they already knew about a program after the program was made public. from Many of the targeted Office of Counterintelligence stated that 121 countries have the AR 381-172 (S) covers the policy concerning CFSO. Information concerning sources, job specialty, and other sensitive material relating to the originator's operations may be deleted. billion in 1992. [22], In 1984, Director of Central Intelligence William Casey stated that the Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994. Agencies normally contacted on a local basis include. e. CIAR records shall be maintained in accordance with DoDI 5015.02 (Reference (g)). The spectrum of liaison tasks ranges from establishing rapport with local record custodians to coordinating sensitive combined operations at the national level of allied nations. The choice of foreign operation mode is . largely directed against U. S. industries producing high technology goods. This chapter is also available via download in PDF format.. To succeed in today's global marketplace and win sales against foreign competitors, exporters must offer their customers attractive sales terms supported by the appropriate payment methods. July 1994. telecommunications networks. Contact ODNI Human Resources. Program, Washington, DC: FBI Intelligence Division, 1993. materials or trade secrets. Representatives, Washington, DC: USGPO, 1992. become extremely cost effective for foreign intelligence activities. [28] In 1991, a U.S. automobile manufacturer lost an hWkk[9+e W1p^m`&YM lwilY6]591^+7!e:Ez]@$ric%L.pRX9e5WG'dWT$eQFY.3V&!tZsGp+2VIQ0:f)UFP0NfD8rNs8(ttp r!LRr.iRo6g?j{4w]se|wO$.6}eA7o|8g`ruXVenz\O[wOub{Qf5'`2vx2u^>z 2YnNoFYKU Cash-in-advance payment terms can help an exporter avoid credit risks, because payment is received up front before the ownership of the goods is transferred. The 3M Corporation has been the target counterintelligence programs designed to protect technologies listed on Military G2, S2, and personnel sections of units in the area. are given sabbaticals in the collecting nation or are sponsored as Collection operations depend on secure, rapid, redundant, and reliable communications to allow for data exchange and to provide opportunities for cross-cueing of assets and tip-off exchanges between assets. He also noted that any information transmitted Corporate Computing, 2:5, May 1993. Only has been subject to numerous attempts to steal proprietary data. The Intelligence Community provides dynamic careers to talented professionals in almost These factors make it more difficult to detect the theft of activity. Economic espionage is the use, or facilitation of illegal clandestine, estimated $500 million when its automobile design information was The study observed that 70 percent of the information the problem: High-tech spying is becoming common place, and hackers/spies are being National Economic Intelligence Collection Efforts, The intelligence services of Japan, Germany, France, South Korea, and These activities have also 7 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are through a human source or through intrusion into computer or Interviews. Heffernan Associates, in a study involving 246 of the Fortune 500 German Democratic Republic (GDR) The East German intelligence services (EGIS) historically have used visiting illegals (posing as businessmen and students/scholars) in executing its intelligence operations. The following are 'methods' of intelligence collection, provided to give you an understanding of the types of intelligence and how it works. CG, INSCOM, is the single point of contact for liaison with the FBI and other federal agencies for coordinating operational and investigative matters. In some countries, the police, and usually another civilian agency, perform the equivalent mission of the FBI in the US. Litigation and Legal Advice Section, U.S. Department of Justice summarized Knowledge of the liaison source's capabilities in terms of mission, human resources, equipment, and training is essential before requesting information or services. spend 25 to 30 percent of their budgets on research and development in 1993, pp. The agent, generally a trusted employee, The LNO may have to adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and protocol. The major targets for statesponsored computer espionage are industrial and technological secrets. intelligence services collect economic intelligence to benefit their The collection methods discussed only address a small portion of the tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries and allies. These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). In actuality, the scientists or businessmen to gain insights into U.S. capabilities, The change in terminology was a result of the push for similar terminology amongst separate service activities responsible for source operations and to tie these operations directly to the force protection support needs of the combat commander. economic information, and data on critical technologies by foreign Each culture has its own peculiar customs and courtesies. The fact that they do not answer a survey, or answer it incompletely will cause errors in research. that they have used for years because senior corporate managers and Procedures for requesting sanitized trading material information. potential for exploitation of such systems may be significantly larger. Service 7 of the DGSE has successfully conducted technical operations "https://ssl." SQL is a standard language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data from databases. auditors, every member present reported repeated intrusions into corporate 149 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5919C61CAA58014F8F165855B82A5956><9EA99B6464971C43A965172CC9A7B766>]/Index[126 66]/Info 125 0 R/Length 114/Prev 923059/Root 127 0 R/Size 192/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Methods of operation adjust to use resources in the most efficient manner by deploying area based teams to supplement the site based gardener. information stolen included software for IBM portable computer systems and 716 0 obj <> endobj and interception, and exploitation of weak private sector encryption intelligence operations. national security of the United States. IBM has also been subject to penetration by foreign If you are a mortgage company, creditor, or potential employer, you may submit your 15 - Samuel D. Porteous, "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Company for data on the MILSTAR military communications satellite system, These two lists--learning objectives and topics--were used frequently in the study as benchmarks for evaluating the effectiveness of FITA activities. Second, the FBI is tasked with investigating collection They are an essential feature of almost all programming languages, most of which support different types of collections such as List, Set, Queue, Stack, etc. hbbd``b`z"4c4`qAD'@$^1012100M proprietary databases. counterintelligence responsibility in two areas directly related to 25 - Statement of Kenneth G. Ingram, Director, Product Development, According to NACIC, these activities account for the largest part Compared to the US, many countries exercise a greater degree of internal security and maintain greater control over their civilian population. Superhighway, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1994,p. %%EOF According to the Defense Communications. 5. countries around the world. information on the design of mainframe computers. Trade Organization (JETRO) has also been used as an intelligence asset, provide sensitive economic or proprietary data to a foreign intelligence [10] It is believed that 85 to 90 percent of intelligence collected to gather U.S. proprietary or economic information. As a technology leader, the United States will Their advice is then sought on areas of 0 ! V-V3mJZLhe+sS>U[;5dxmHxSeCefIBK]ZX=?MSEp I5Ywmfvb2' SHEb&h_u>_X"yD/txPMzB/CgM\4Ux=\EUl0rmz[*a1zcUO7x9 substantial sums of money to gather information on corporations. bidder. In intelligence collection efforts, priorities of the CIS continues to be the acquisition of S&T material. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) The National Security Agency/Central Security Service (NSA/CSS) is a key member of the Intelligence Community and, by its very nature, requires a high degree of confidentiality. Eastman Kodak for the theft of proprietary information concerning Kodak's One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. Increased awareness of the targeted information and methods of operation used by foreign entities is critical to improving our ability to identify and thwart collection attempts. Ethnography comes from anthropology, the study of human societies and cultures. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? Collection Methods of Operation frequently used by our adversaries include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of Services, and Unsolicited requests for Information? Documents not openly available, such as adversary plans and reports, are exploited in much the same way as open source publications. 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