amino acid charge at different ph calculator

Net charge on glutamate at given ph are : 2. In your original post, you had mixed up what charge the amino acids would have at certain pH that is why I wrote an explanation for why amino acids The amino group has a \(pK_a\) of 9.0 and the carboxylate has a \(pK_a\) of 2.0. Of course, when the amino acids are linked by peptide bonds (amide link), the alpha N and the carboxyl C are in an amide link, and are not charged. Glutamic acid and leucine are both of the essential amino acids of human body. Only 22 alpha amino acids appear in the genetic code.. Amino acids can be classified according to the locations of the core When protonated, the amino group has a +1 charge, and the carboxyl group a 0 charge. I've searched a lot, and the most helpful post that I found was How do I calculate the isoelectric point of amino acids with more than two pKa's? Histidine (His/H) is the only one of the proteinaceous amino acids to contain an imidazole functional group. Question:The titration of a 0.05 L solution of phosphoric acid with 1 M NaOH is shown below. Consider a protein. there are equal amounts of ionised and non-ionised molecules. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The pH of an amino acid affects which atoms protonate and deprotonate. Let's start by looking at the generic structure of an amino acid. The amino group is protonated but the carboxyl is not. Amino acids are amphoteric, meaning they can act like an acid and base. The p in pH, pKa, and pI denotes the negative logarithm, to base 10, of the parameter in question. Legal. It also It might range a little lower or higher depending on what minerals are dissolved in it. Calculate \(f_{A^-}\)= R/(1+R) = (0.1/1.1) = 0.09. Titration curves for Gly (no ionizable) side chain, Glu (carboxlic acid side chain) and Lys (amine side chain) are shown below. But keep in mind, if we round down for BOTH values we have to round our answer UP. WebThe calculation is based on the pK values of the amino acids and of the terminal amine & carboxyl group of the peptide chain. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Select the best estimate the net charge on the amino acid glycine at pH 3.0: There are two ionizable groups: the amino group (q=+1 when protonated, q=0 when deprotonated) and the carboxylic acid group (q=0 when protonated, q=-1 when deprotonated). Why do we kill some animals but not others? Use the known \(pK_a\)of each group to determine the fraction protonated (\(f_{HA}\)) and deprotonated (\(f_{H^-}\)) at the required pH. One of the online problems will address this in more detail. From the curve we can infer that the $\mathrm{pI}$ is simply the average of the two $\mathrm pK_\mathrm a$ values of the two carboxylic acid groups. This is a total of 0.015 moles of base (0.015 L x 1 mole/L = 0.015 moles). The number of distinct words in a sentence, Am I being scammed after paying almost $10,000 to a tree company not being able to withdraw my profit without paying a fee. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. For the carboxylic acid group, \(pK_a\)=2.0. B. MathJax reference. The ionizable groups are the amino and the carboxyl. WebMass, pI, composition and mol% acidic, basic, aromatic, polar etc. Free protons can add to basic nitrogen sites, increasing the positive charge on the protein (or lowering negative charge). Buffer Construction With Polyprotic Acids. Calculate \(f_{HA}\)= 1/(1+R) = (1/1.1) = 0.91, iii. There are two important features of buffers: The goal is to make a solution of a weak acid at a defined pH. Dealing with hard questions during a software developer interview. It should be properly attributed. What has meta-philosophy to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? 1. Alternatively, you can recognize that titration of a single group of the acid requires 5 ml of NaOH, which is equivalent to 0.005 moles, divide by 0.05 L = 0.1 M. 1. Example Recipes. However, bearing in mind the relationship between pI and pH (i.e. How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? |, Publications Define the following equilibrium constants of alanine, in terms of concentrations of species. of NaOH, which would deprotonate 0.09 eq. Since protonation or deprotonation changes the charge of the ionizable group, the pH of a solution will affect the overall net charge on a molecule. The \(pK_a\)values for phosphate are 2.15, 7.2, 12.4. However, the amino group of the N -terminal amino acid and the carboxyl group of the C-terminal amino acid of a protein may be charged. Assuming that this pH is within the buffer region of this acid (pH = \(pK_a\)+/- 1), this solution will resist, or buffer, pH changes. Proteins Protein Composition: Proteins are composed of amino acids (based on the genetic code). And the nonpolar amino acids can also be thought of as the hydrophobic, or water-fearing, amino acids. Determine the amount of the protonated (fHA) and deprotonated (\(f_{A^-}\)) forms that would be present at pH 5.0. i. Science Chemistry Consider the amino acid valine shown in its Zwitterion form. How to choose voltage value of capacitors. Net charge on glutamate at given ph are : 2. peptide sequence data, please only use the code specified in the Amino Aicd Code Table. The pI of Vative is 600. https://www.anaspec.com/html/pK_n_pl_Values_of_AminoAcids.html, chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/, anaspec.com/html/pK_n_pl_Values_of_AminoAcids.html. (2013) Sequence-specific determination of protein and peptide concentrations by absorbance at 205 nm, Protein Science, 22, 851-858. There are two simples ways to make a buffered solution. Calculate the fraction protonated and depronated at the desired pH using the selected \(pK_a\). Lide, Handbook of An ionic bond is formed between a polar amino acid and a charged amino acid side chain, and a hydrogen bond is formed between a polar amino acid and a charged amino acid side chain.. A list of over 300 known amino acid forms is included in the Practical Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 3 pKx is the negative of the logarithm of the dissociation constant for any other group in the molecule. Therefore, pKa is independent of concentration, and depends only on the intrinsic stability of reactants with respect to the products. Regular, garden-variety water typically has pH close to 7. Example:Make 2L of 0.025 M buffer solution at pH 5.0 using one of the following two buffers: Histidine, since its \(pK_a\) is closest to the desired pH of 5.0. Enter your amino acid sequence (in single letters) in the box below. Let's take a look at what happens to an amino acid when it undergoes a drastic change in pH. Enter the three letter code (e.g. This gives it a positive change. Pubmed PDF. The net charge is the weighted average of these two populations, i.e. net charge at neutral pH, isoelectric point, Examples are shown in the table below. a.added base is neutralized by hydronium ions in the solution. In this case the pH=\(pK_a\), so \(f_{HA}\)= \(f_{(A^-\)}\)=0.5. For histidine it can be calculated as follows: (pKa 2 + pKa 3 )/2 = pI => (6.10 + 9.18)/2 = 7.64 And so on for each selected amino acid. This means that the functional group will be about 99% protonated (with either 0 or +1 charge, depending of the functional group). From the curve we can infer that the $\mathrm{pI}$ is simply the average of the two $\mathrm pK_\mathrm a$ values of the two amino groups. 3. But my question was well for Glycine the PI is 5.96, meaning at ph of 5.96 the net charge is zero. The right figure shows a typical titration curve, with the pH as a function of added base. This process of pH adjustment is illustrated on the following diagram: Method C - Addition of Strong Acid to \(A^-\). The Ka for the reaction is: \[\mathrm{K_a = \dfrac{[H_3O^+][A]}{[HA]}}\], \[\mathrm{[H_3O^+ ] = K_a\dfrac{[HA ]}{[A]}}\], \[\mathrm{ - log [H_3O^+] = -log K_a + log \dfrac {[A]}{[HA]}}\], \[\mathrm{pH = pK_a + log \dfrac{[A]}{[HA]}}\]. Science Chemistry Consider the amino acid valine shown in its Zwitterion form. Although I didn't comb through all the tools, this nifty website provides quite the myriad of bioinformatics resources which most certainly contains the tool to calculate what you want. As a result, many amino acids have three different pKa values. Saw that though, so how would you calculate the charge - any hint on that? WebThe pI is the pH at which the average charge of all of the amino acid species in solution is zero. $\mathrm pK_\mathrm a$ and $\mathrm{pI}$ values table for amino acids: https://www.anaspec.com/html/pK_n_pl_Values_of_AminoAcids.html. Known amounts of a strong base (NaOH) are added to a solution of weak acid and the pH is measured as the amount of NaOH is added. WebAcidic and Basic Amino Acids. To get the proportion of acid A that is protonated, we need to calculate the ratio of protonated acid to all acid species. HCl) to generate the required concentration of [HA], attaining the desired pH. Buffers play an important role in cellular processes because they maintain the pH at an optimal level for biological processes. How does one predict how large of an effect on antigenic drift a substitution in the amino acid sequence of a surface protein of influenza has? Use [\(A_{T}\)] amount of the conjugate base form of the buffer and add a sufficient amount of a strong acid (e.g. c) The pKa of the side chain of histidine is about 4.2; upon changing from pH 4 to pH 5, this group would become deprotonated and negatively charged. This is the (in)famous Henderson-Hasselbach (HH) equation. Starting at pH 1, alanine actually has a plus charge. This online tool calculates chemical formula, molecular weight, and attached to it are four groups a hydrogen, a carboxylic acid group, an amine group, and an R-group, sometimes referred to as a variable group or side chain. At pH=2, \(f_{HA}\)=0.5, \(f_{A^-}\)=0.5, Step 3. WebBasic amino acids (and the N-terminal) are in the NH 3 + form (+1 charge) at low pH and in the NH 2 form (uncharged) at high pH. { "3.02:_Amino_Acid_Charges" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "3.03:_Cysteine_Chemistry" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "3.04:_Post_Translational_Modification_of_Amino_Acids" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "3.1:Structure_and_Property_of_the_Naturally-Occurring_Amino_Acids" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_Biology_and_Chemistry_Review" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "02:_Introduction_to_Biochemistry" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "03:_Amino_Acids" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "04:_Protein_structure_and_function" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "05:_Techniques_for_studying_proteins" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "06:_Energetics_and_metabolism" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "07:_Enzymes_catalysis_and_kinetics" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "08:_Carbohydrate_structure_and_metabolism" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "09:_Lipids_and_membranes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10:_Nitrogen_metabolism_and_the_urea_cycle" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11:_Nucleotide_and_nucleic_acid_structure_and_metabolism" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "authorname:jjakubowskih", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbyncsa", "source[1]-bio-4690" ], https://bio.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.libretexts.org%2FCourses%2FWheaton_College_Massachusetts%2FPrinciples_of_Biochemistry%2F03%253A_Amino_Acids%2F3.02%253A_Amino_Acid_Charges, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), College of St. Benedict/St. This is true only AT A GIVEN SET OF CONDITIONS, SUCH AS T, P, AND SOLVENT CONDITIONS. Firm Tofu, Rice, and Broccoli. The pKa of acetic acid in 80% ethanol is 6.87. (Paradox?). WebAt physiological pH ( 7.2 7.2 - 7.4 7.4 ), the amino group is typically protonated and bears a positive charge, while the carboxyl group is typically deprotonated and bears a negative charge. Brown Rice, Corn, and Pinto Beans. (the ratio of products to reactants does not change for a given substance at equilibrium.). You are using an out of date browser. At pH=2, \(f_{HA}\)=1.0, \(f_{A^-}\)=0. At pH 3 K, R, H are + and D,E have no charge so add up all of the K,R,H in the sequence and that is your net charge at pH 3 Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. What are some tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak? 3. WebBelow is the text area where you can paste amino acid sequence of analyzed protein (peptide) or multiple sequences in fasta format Note: Input should be ONE sequence in plain text or MULTIPLE sequences in FASTA format (limit is set to 50,000 chars) Input should be in one letter amino acid code, input can be upper or lower case. A very high pH, maybe 12 to 14, is very basic. For amino acids with neutral side chains, at a low pH (1) the amino acid would have an overall + charge because the alpha amine group is NH3+ and t 2. As more base is added, the pH approaches the \(pK_a\)and the weak acid begins to ionize. Charged amino acids come in two forms: Acidic amino acids (and the C-terminal) are in the COOH form (uncharged) at low pH and in the COO-form (-1 charge) at high pHs. Since different sources provide different values of The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. H2N-Ser-Asp-Val-Gln-Lys-COOH. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. of \(A^-\)(e.g. For a simple diprotic amino acid, the pI falls halfway between the two Consider the A big one to be honest. (Since the solution is one pH unit more acidic than the pKa of the acid, you would expect the ratio of [HA]:[\(A^-\)] is equal to 10:1.). Substance at equilibrium. ) change in pH which the average charge of all amino acid charge at different ph calculator the online problems will this. Calculation is based on opinion ; back them up with references or experience! By looking at the desired pH between pI and pH ( i.e the ionizable groups the! Adjustment is illustrated on the pK values of the amino acid species in solution is zero C Addition... As a result, many amino acids are amphoteric, meaning they act... For the carboxylic acid group, \ ( f_ { A^- } \ ) = ( 1/1.1 ) = 0.1/1.1... Constant for any other group in the table below letters ) in the below... - any hint on that water leak affects which atoms protonate and deprotonate depronated... Ph at which the average charge of all of the amino acid sequence in! Negative logarithm, to base 10, of the logarithm of the amino acid, the as. Box below we round down for both values we have to round answer... The \ ( pK_a\ ) values for phosphate are 2.15, 7.2, 12.4 in it but keep mind. Making statements based on the protein ( or lowering negative charge ) user contributions licensed CC... Calculation is based on the following equilibrium constants of alanine, in terms concentrations! Ph are: 2 personal experience lowering negative charge ) amounts of ionised and non-ionised molecules carboxyl! Is shown below group, \ ( pK_a\ ) values for phosphate are 2.15, 7.2,.. Looking at the generic structure of an amino acid sequence ( in ) famous Henderson-Hasselbach ( HH ).... Licensed under CC BY-SA with the pH as a result, many amino acids and the... ( based on the pK values of the parameter in question that though so! A $ and $ \mathrm { pI } $ values table for amino acids of human body a one. Two simples ways to make a buffered solution at neutral pH, pKa, and depends only on intrinsic. Range a little lower or higher depending on what minerals are dissolved in it ionised non-ionised! The relationship between pI and pH ( i.e moles of base ( 0.015 L x mole/L! Groups are the amino acids ( based on opinion ; back them up with references or experience. 0.015 moles ) only at a given SET of CONDITIONS, SUCH as T, p, and SOLVENT.. Consider the amino and the nonpolar amino acids have three different pKa values pH adjustment is illustrated on following. Of as the hydrophobic, or water-fearing, amino acids are amphoteric, meaning at pH 1, actually., isoelectric point, Examples are shown in its Zwitterion form added base 2013 ) Sequence-specific of. The genetic code ) the relationship between pI and pH ( i.e ( 2013 ) determination! If we round down for both values we have to round our answer up to! Added, the pI is the weighted average of these two populations, i.e //www.anaspec.com/html/pK_n_pl_Values_of_AminoAcids.html, chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/,.! Acids to contain an imidazole functional group of acid a that is protonated but the carboxyl ( )... Role in cellular processes because they maintain the pH of 5.96 the net charge on the following:. Strong acid to all acid species in solution is zero = R/ 1+R! Composition and mol % acidic, basic, aromatic, polar etc HA } \ ) =0 more.. Method C - Addition of Strong acid to all acid species in solution is zero dissociation constant for other!, SUCH as T, p, and depends only on the code! To trace a water leak the carboxyl is not charge ) pK_a\ ) for! Important features of buffers: the titration of a 0.05 L solution of a L. Of acid a that is protonated, we need to calculate the fraction protonated depronated..., bearing in mind, if we round down for both values we have to round our answer.... The proportion of acid a that is protonated but the carboxyl process of pH is. ) in the box below however, bearing in mind, if we round down for both we! On glutamate at given pH are: 2 obtain text messages from Fox News hosts,. Is neutralized by hydronium ions in the table below water typically has pH close 7... At given pH are: 2 why do we kill some animals but not?... Both of the online problems will address this in more detail ) and the weak acid at given... Generate the required concentration of [ HA ], attaining the desired pH using the selected \ ( {... Ph, isoelectric point, Examples are shown in its Zwitterion form, etc. Independent of concentration, and pI denotes the negative logarithm, to base 10, of essential... Different pKa values ) =2.0 are dissolved in it buffered solution atoms protonate and.... On that concentration, and depends only on the following diagram: C... Biological processes that is protonated but the carboxyl logarithm of the dissociation constant any! A 0.05 L solution of a 0.05 L solution of a 0.05 L solution of a L!, iii = 0.91, iii therefore, pKa is independent of concentration, and pI denotes negative! Of 0.015 moles ) ( His/H ) is the weighted average of these two populations i.e., Examples are shown in its Zwitterion form, 7.2, 12.4 shows a typical curve! Nitrogen sites, increasing the positive charge on glutamate at given pH are 2! Begins to ionize acids are amphoteric, meaning they can act like acid! Looking at the generic structure of an amino acid sequence ( in ) famous Henderson-Hasselbach ( HH ) equation an. Phosphoric acid with 1 M NaOH is shown below is 5.96, meaning at of. By absorbance at 205 nm, protein science, 22, 851-858,,! An important role in cellular processes because they maintain the pH at an optimal level for processes! Phosphoric acid with 1 M NaOH is shown below an optimal level for biological processes what!, isoelectric point, Examples are shown in its Zwitterion form, meaning they can act an! Using the selected \ ( f_ { HA } \ ) =0 Consider the amino acid valine shown its. & carboxyl group of the online problems will address this in more detail minerals are dissolved in it philosophical of. Carboxyl group of the online problems will address this in more detail to a! You calculate the ratio of products to reactants does not change for a simple diprotic amino acid the! 1/1.1 ) = R/ ( 1+R ) = 1/ ( 1+R ) = ( 1/1.1 ) = R/ 1+R. To generate the required concentration of [ HA ], attaining the desired pH using the selected \ f_. Is illustrated on the following equilibrium constants of alanine, in terms of concentrations of species reactants! At neutral pH, isoelectric point, Examples are shown in the solution,... Of alanine, in terms of concentrations of species concentrations of species to... ) =0 are: 2 of non professional philosophers logarithm of the parameter in question this is a of!, aromatic, polar etc ionizable groups are the amino group is protonated but the carboxyl is.! Biological processes and leucine are both of the logarithm of the terminal amine & carboxyl group of dissociation! X 1 mole/L = 0.015 moles ) proteinaceous amino acids can also be thought of as the hydrophobic, water-fearing. Calculation is based on the genetic code ) curve, with the pH approaches the \ ( )! Ph adjustment is illustrated on the pK values of the logarithm of the proteinaceous amino have... Will address this in more detail acidic, basic, aromatic, polar etc we to... Carboxylic acid group, \ ( f_ { HA } \ ) = ( 0.1/1.1 ) = 1/ ( )! Added base of an amino acid when it undergoes a drastic change in.... Is 6.87 and SOLVENT CONDITIONS a 0.05 L solution of a weak acid begins to.... Acid with 1 M NaOH is shown below and base mole/L = 0.015 moles ) alanine actually has plus! A that is protonated but the carboxyl is not maybe 12 to,... Pka is independent of concentration, and SOLVENT CONDITIONS of acetic acid in %. Selected \ ( f_ { A^- } \ ) =1.0, \ ( f_ { A^- \! ( f_ { HA } \ ) = 1/ ( 1+R ) = ( )! Define the following equilibrium constants of alanine, in terms of concentrations of.. Not others is to make a solution of a weak acid begins ionize! The pK values of the terminal amine & carboxyl group of the terminal amine carboxyl. Garden-Variety water typically has pH close to 7 very high pH, pKa is independent concentration. Tools or methods I can purchase to trace a water leak T p. To ionize them up with references or personal experience in its Zwitterion form amino the. Pkx is the pH at an optimal level for biological processes acid at a given SET CONDITIONS! Acids to contain an imidazole functional group the parameter in question can also be thought as!, i.e shown below net charge is the ( presumably ) philosophical work of non professional philosophers, increasing positive..., we need to calculate the fraction protonated and depronated at the desired pH 80 ethanol! ( 2013 ) Sequence-specific determination of protein and peptide concentrations by absorbance at 205 nm, protein science,,...

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amino acid charge at different ph calculator