A Massachusetts schoolteacher was the leading advocate of more humane treatment of the insane, who at the time generally were placed in jails alongside debtors and hardened criminals. Consolidated Balance Sheets Reformers' definition of the free individual was the person who internalized the practice of self-control. \text{Net Income}&& \$ 4,400,000\\ Douglass was a skilled orator and a prolific writer. Others sought to build and improve public and state institutions such as prisons, asylums, and schools. a. Frederick Douglass, an escaped slave, was a key leader of this society who often spoke at its meetings. The Antebellum Period in American history is generally considered to be the period before the Civil War and after the War of 1812, although some historians expand it to all the years from the adoption of the Constitution in 1789 to the beginning of the Civil War. Dix was instrumental in motivating a state role in the creation of these facilities. Twenty years later in Charleston, South Carolina, lay-preacher Denmark Vesey led a similar conspiracy to incite rebellion. Like many religious movements of the day, Mormons believed in the imminent Second Coming of Jesus. Some of this came from a lack of understanding; in other cases, it was overt prejudice. )%2F13%253A_Antebellum_Revival_and_Reform%2F13.03%253A_American_Antebellum_Reform, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), 13.2: Cultural Movements- Transcendentalism, Utopian Communities, and the Cult of Domesticity, Abolitionism and the Womens Rights Movements, Catherine Locks, Sarah Mergel, Pamela Roseman, Tamara Spike & Marie Lasseter, source@https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/history-textbooks/1/, status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Do not delete this text first. Though many experienced the Second Great Awakening through revivals, others heard the message through the ministry of circuit-riding preachers. Three hundred delegates, both men and women, attended the meeting. Finally, asylums were established for treatment and housing the mentally ill. Dorothea Lynde Dix was instrumental in the reform effort that established state mental asylums. The movements shared a common support base, and many abolitionists advocated, or were active in, the womens rights movement, or vice versa. In Appalachia and the South, the Second Great Awakening brought a sense of community and provided entertainment in isolated rural and frontier areas. Named after Thomas More's sixteenth-century novel Utopia, an outline of a perfect society. \quad\text{Total Assets}& \$20,000,000 &\$17,000,000\\ The end of slavery would come about gradually under this ideal. What were the different varieties of abolitionism? Before the nineteenth century, crime, poverty, and mental illness in America were handled through family and voluntary efforts. The Seneca Falls Convention was an important beginning to the womens rights movement and became the basis for the organization of annual conventions to support and develop the movement in years to come. Nevertheless, the American Colonization Society (ACS) emerged as the main voice of colonizationists in the United States. The African Americans wanted equal rights and so the white Americans imposed that they would let them go back to Africa and have their freedom. However, abolitionism developed significantly over the 1800s. \text{Retained Earnings, December 31, 2012}&& 2,800,000\\ He planned his revivals in great detail as a kind of popular spectacle as well as an event that inspired religious reform. Revival and Religious Change. In the north, the movement reached its zenith in the Burned-Over District of Charles Finney. In the South, the movement became more conservative over time, and generally supported the system of slavery. Legal. December 31 Each of these movements worked for freedom and emancipation and to grant a greater body of rights to two of the groups on the periphery of American society. Simultaneously, the slaves, women, and children were told that obedience to their master was their Christian duty. For some members of the movement, the idea meant the end of slavery; for others, it was an answer for racial tensions in the United States. For the most part, the African American community did not see colonization or repatriation as a viable alternative to emancipation and abolition. Concept that empowered the women's movement to develop an all-encompassing critique of male authority and their own subordination. Many were pacifists, who believed that coercion should be eliminated from all human relationships and institutions. Garrison was militant in his call for immediate and complete emancipation as a moral imperative. \text{Retained Earnings, December 31, 2013}&& \$ 5,000,000\\ But Transcendentalism had many more participants whose interests ranged across the spectrum of antebellum reform. Women were sick of oppression and it was time to finally fight for equal rights; while the African Americans were to get more rights it was only right for the women to gain these rights as well. Everyone was eligible for salvation, and a loving God embraced all. Preachers and believers all over the country saw humankind and society as good and perfectible, able to improve and strive to become more like God. Merchants with commercial ties to the South. \text{Equity in Earnings of Affiliates:}\\ The health reform experience of the past decade does provide a number of more specific lessons for us. ), { "13.01:_Religious_Reforms_in_the_Antebellum_United_States" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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